Coal power plants play a vital role in modern world electricity generation. Electricity generation from the coal-fired power plants is the largest single source CO2 emission.
The total electricity generation according to the source is given in the following figure 1. The coal is used for around 41% electricity generation.
Figure 1: Electrical energy generation by different sources
There are six main pollutant gases cause for climate change, CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, CFC’s and HFC’s. The global warming potential for those gases is given in the table 1. However, CO2 has lowest global warming potential. It has highest climate change potential due to the largest emission compare to others. Thus, reduction of CO2 is very important for create a better environment.
Technologies available or being considered for CO2 capture are:
- Solvent Absorption (Solvent Scrubbing)
- Physical absorption/adsorption
- Membrane Systems
- Cryogenic fractionation
- Other options
In order to carry on power generation by fossil fuel, CCS technologies are required to reduce the environmental impact by CO2 emissions. The post combustion CO2 capture via chemical absorption is the most effective and widely used technology in the CO2 recovery process.
Research papers
1. Comparison of Temperature profiles in CO2 removal process with Aspen Plus and MATLAB
Udara S.P.R. Arachchige, Sanoja A. Jayarathna, Morten C. Melaaen
(Published in florida, USA-2011 june)
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has the highest climate change potential due to the largest emission compared to the other sources. Thus, reduction of CO2 is very important for creating a better environment. Out of several cleaning methods, post combustion CO2 removal by chemical absorption technology is the closest to commercialization. This paper presents a simulation study of the chemical absorption process with the MEA system as the solvent. Data found in literature (Texas case 32 and case 47) are compared with the simulation results. Two models are developed and implemented in Aspen Plus and MATLAB with the same operating conditions and parameters to achieve the given efficiencies as in the Texas pilot plant study. The rate based Electrolyte NRTL model is used in the Aspen Plus model with 32.5w/w % MEA solution and 0.28 as lean CO2 loading. The Kent-Eisenberg model is selected for the development of the MATLAB model, and the same MEA system is used. The Kent-Eisenberg is one of the simplest and reliable methods for CO2 removal modeling. The simulation results from the Aspen Plus and MATLAB models with the same operating conditions are compared with the temperature profiles. Both models follow similar patterns for the temperature profiles and those approximately equal with the Texas plant data. However, the Aspen Plus model predictions of the temperature seem to be closer compared to that of the MATLAB model.
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